Alanya has a rich and diverse history that spans thousands of years. The region has been inhabited since prehistoric times, with evidence of settlement dating back to the Paleolithic era. Throughout history, Alanya has been under the influence of various civilizations and empires, each leaving their mark on the city’s culture and architecture.
In ancient times, Alanya was known as Coracesium or Korakesion. It was an important port city for the Cilician pirates who used it as a stronghold. The city came under the control of the Roman Empire in the 1st century BC, and it flourished as a trading hub due to its strategic location along the Mediterranean coast.
During the Byzantine era, Alanya witnessed several invasions and power struggles. It became part of the Byzantine Empire in the 5th century AD and served as an important Byzantine naval base. The city changed hands multiple times between the Byzantines, Arab armies, and local Seljuk rulers.
In the 13th century, Alanya gained prominence when it became a stronghold of the Seljuk Sultanate of Rum. The iconic Alanya Castle, perched on a rocky hilltop overlooking the city, was built during this time and stands as a testament to the city’s medieval history. The Seljuk era also saw the construction of many other notable structures, including mosques, caravanserais, and the famous Red Tower (Kızıl Kule), which served as a defensive tower guarding the city’s harbor.
In the 14th century, Alanya came under the rule of the Anatolian Beylik of Karaman, followed by the Ottoman Empire in the 15th century. Under Ottoman rule, Alanya continued to flourish and became an important naval base.
In the early 20th century, Alanya, like the rest of Turkey, underwent significant political and social changes. After the Turkish War of Independence, Alanya became part of the newly established Republic of Turkey in 1923.
Today, Alanya is a popular tourist destination, known for its beautiful beaches, historical sites, and vibrant atmosphere. Visitors can explore the remnants of its ancient past, including the Alanya Castle, the Red Tower, and the Archaeological Museum. The city’s rich history, coupled with its natural beauty, continues to attract tourists from around the world.